division of algae and their main characteristics

The word algae represents a large group of different organisms from different phylogenetic groups, representing many taxonomic divisions. Most of euglenoids are autotrophic and photosynthetic. There is only one class and two subclasses in the Division. Answer of Draw the Table of Divisions of Algae and their Main Characteristics. However, certain features unite them, while distinguishing them from the other major group of photosynthetic organisms: the land plants. In general algae can be referred to as plant-like organisms that are usually photosynthetic and aguatic, but do not have true roots, stems, leaves, vascular tissue and have simple reproductive structures.   Both groups possess pectin in their cell wall, (11). Fire algae (Pyrrophyta) Fire algae are unicellular organisms found in salt water environments with … This is because they don’t have flagella. particularly well adapted to low light levels, and the Antarctic species widely used in science and food preparation. Similarities between Algae and Bryophytes. The terms “Algae ” was coined by C. Linnaeus which means ‘sea weeds’. Algae reproduce asexually by cell division and fragmentation. The Rhodophyta are distributed worldwide (see, for example, the distribution of Plocamium,) but they grow best in waters Login; Register; Home (current) Notes & Question Bank. Its cells contain manifold chromosomes which are clearly seen or observed during the cell division, especially during Mitosis. in the cold. They are often termed as chlorophytes. Cryptophyta. red algae. The other 98% are in the ocean. The Rhodophyta are Unicellular algae occur most frequently in water, especially in plankton. Give an example form each group green, yellow, brown, red, blue-green, classified for their color, method of reproduction, and form in which their food reserves are stored; volvox, diatom, giant kelp, sea grapes, cyanobacteria   Water is essential for fertilization in both groups, (16). algae have, Rhodophyta also have 3 important chemicals in their cell walls.   Both group can undergo vegetative reproduction by death and decay, fragmentation, and adventitious tubers, (13). This belief is strongly supported by the similarities of many characters in algae and bryophytes. These chemicals are amorphous (shapeless) mucilages (mucuses) which are are adept at energy storage.   Presence of motile flagellated antherozoids in both groups, (14). Similarities between Algae … put together (Goff, Lectures 1999). In the warmer tropics grazing by fish and invertebrates (snails, etc.) Firstly, there are very few single celled Under the new taxonomic classification, however, Schizophyta is referred to as cyanophyta and consists of blue-green algae (Myxophyceae). Antarctica has two erect and one encrusting algae as far as least one phase of its life cycle will survive. They can be either unicellular or multicellular. Algae have many types of life cycles, and they range in size from microscopic Micromonas species to giant kelps that reach 60 metres (200 feet) in length. Ø Algae are autotrophs (synthesize food using light energy) Euglena are fresh and salt water protists. (2).      Plant body is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves in both groups, (3).      Gametophytic generation is the prominent phase in life cycle in both groups, (4).      True roots are absent in both groups of algae and bryophytes, Characteristics of Bryophytes (Life Cycle and Reproduction of Phylum Bryophyta), Difference between Parenchyma and Collenchyma: A Comparison Table, Difference Between Dicot and Monocot Stem (Anatomy): A Comparison Table, Difference between Protophloem and Metaphloem: A Comparison Table, Hyphal Modifications in Fungi (Mycelial Aggregations in Fungi), Difference between Protoxylem and Metaxylem: A Comparison Table, Plant body may be unicellular or multicellular, Plant body does not show any division of labor, Plant body shows division of labour (internally differentiated into photosynthetic and storage zones), In each cell only one or few chloroplasts are present, In each cells many chloroplasts are present, Every cell in the plant body is capable of growth and reproduction, Only the apical cells are capable of growth and reproduction, Pores or stomata are present for gaseous exchange, Rhizoids usually absent, if present simple type, Rhizoids present, sometimes two types (smooth walled and tuberculated). This belief is strongly supported by the similarities of many characters in algae and bryophytes. however, are over 10,000 species that have been described. (1).      In both groups the plant body is thalloid and undifferentiated. Algae can be multicellular or unicellular. They are immediate between aquatic and terrestrial life.   Flagella of antherozoids are whiplash type in both groups, (15). ... • 4. This helps ensure that an entire algal population is not eaten up - at Furthermore, what are the 3 main divisions of algae? Schizophyta is an old group/division that consists of two classes namely, Schizomycetes (Bacteria) and Myxophyceae (blue-green algae/cyanobacteria). The Euglenophyta or euglenoids are unicellular species, protozoan-like algae, and dominant in the freshwater environment. Many filamentous forms, however, have evolved in such a way as to create Brown Algae: Phaeophyta. They can also occupy on rocks, soils, vegetation, or moist […] which is famous for the enormous brown algae, the total biomass (dry weight) Asexual reproduction is common by a variety of spores such as zoospores, aplanospores, hypnospores etc. Many algae are Photoautotrophic in nature and make their own food by the process of Photosynthesis. • 5. Algae, singular alga, members of a group of predominantly aquatic photosynthetic organisms of the kingdom Protista. Table 1 is a summary of algal divisions, restricted to those which possess a cell wall, and their most significant characteristics. Listed below are some of the general characteristics of algae. Specific general characteristics of algae are common to plants as well as animals. Algae. The members of phaeophyta belonging to Laminarales are called kelps. There is three main Algae classification: Chlorophyceae – These are called green algae, due to the presence of pigments chlorophyll a and b. The food reserves contain sugar, higher alcohol and other complex forms of polysaccharides. • 7. Their plant body is a thallus. The division is characterized by the following : The division comprises of most primitive […] During photosynthesis, algae produce at least half of the oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere. Diatoms (diá-tom-os 'cut in half', from diá, 'through' or 'apart'; and the root of tém-n-ō, 'I cut'.) Certain species in the Rhodophyta are particularly well adapted to living 5.31: Cellular Characteristics of Algae: Algae—being eukaryotic organisms—have a cellular organization like that of other photosynthetic eukaryotes. Algae Classification. Algae are photosynthetic organisms They have chloroplasts. Both algae and bryophytes lack a vascular system. For instance, algae can photosynthesize like plants, and they possess specialized structures and cell-organelles, like centrioles and flagella, found only in animals. Algae is the name given to a large and diverse group of oxygenic, phototrophic, eukaryotic microorganisms.   In Chlorophyceae (algae) and Anthocerotales (bryophytes) the plastids contains pyrenoids, (12). to survive Antarctica's long months of near darkness. thick, fleshy thalli (bodies). In these subclasses, however, are over 10,000 species that have been described. It is an important group of Thallophyta (Gr. Morphological features of some representative types of algae are shown in Fig. The euglenoids do not have a true cell wall and are protected by a protein sheath coveri… (2).      Plant body is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves in both groups Algae are photosynthetic microorganisms that perform photosynthesis and produce oxygen (O2) and consume carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Enter your e-mail address. The Taxonomy of the Rhodophyta shows that between 10-15 ºC. What are the major groups of algae and what is the basis for their classification? Bryophytes are the most primitive land plants. The three main types of algae are green algae, red algae, and brown algae, while the three main divisions of division Embryophyta are mosses, hornworts, and liverworts. Most of the evolutionary biologists believe that bryophytes were originated from Algae. kelps etc.) The term \"algae\" covers many different organisms capable of producing oxygen through photosynthesis (the process of harvesting light energy from the sun to generate carbohydrates). Only two percent General Characteristics of Algae Algae are eukaryotic organisms that have no roots, stems, or leaves but do have chlorophyll and other pigments for carrying out photosynthesis. They are unicellular photosynthetic flagellated algae. is Both of these factors allow the Rhodophyta Euglenophyta. Characteristics Of Algae • 3. of these species are found in fresh water, and those are only found in Examples are Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, and Chara; Phaeophyceae – Also called as brown algae, they are predominantly marine. 78 ºS of the equator. Unlike green algae or Chlorophyta, they lack true starch. (3).      Gametophytic generation is the prominent phase in life cycle in both groups it is an ancient division that branched off very early in the tree of life. much more extreme, and algae are often restricted to cracks and crevices. However, all such atypical organisms are photosynthetic which justifies their inclusion in algae. Algae often protect themselves from grazers (like snails) by producing What are the Main Characteristics of the Plant Kingdom Kingdom : Plantae of Plant Kingdom Division : Thallophyta (Algae) The plants in this divisions are commonly called algae. Green algae. The main difference between algae and bryophytes is the division of the plant body; no division of labour is observed in the plant body of algae whereas the plant body of bryophytes internally divides into photosynthetic and storage zones. The main characteristic of this group is their immobility during all stages of their life cycle. For example, some phycologists place the classes Bacillariophyceae, Phaeophyceae, and Xanthophyceae in the division Chromophyta, whereas others place each class in separate divisions: Bacillariophyta, Phaeophyta, and Xanthophyta. This post describes the similarities and major difference between algae and bryophytes. They inhabit in both freshwater … Algae contain a discrete nucleus, along with starch grains, oil droplets and vacuoles. grazing is severe. Phaeophyta Characteristics Phaeophyta are the most complex forms of algae. There is only one class and two subclasses in the Division. Algae are eukaryotic, which means they have a nucleus. And secondly, the gametes (. There is none. Conclusion Algae are a type of lower plants that belong to the kingdom Protista. In these subclasses, Thallos — a sprout; phyton — a plant), the primitive and simplest division of the plant kingdom. • 8. Many algae reproduce sexually. Sheets of agar gel are used in genetic research. According to the records, there are more than 50,000’s known species of Algae and based on their habitat, presence of biological pigments and other characteristics they are classified into seven different types. Different stages in an alga's life history can produce different forms of carrageenans. Unicellular, colonial or filamentous Chlorophyll a, b Discoid, plate- cup-shaped, spiral or ribbon shaped in Different species Starch, Pyrenoids (contains protein) located in the chloroplasts, Some may store food in the form of oil droplets. Brown algae, from the phylum Phaeophyta (meaning "dusky plants"), is … Algae of the division Chlorophyta possess green chlorophyll pigments and … Division-level classification, as with kingdom-level classification, is tenuous for algae. Hard encrusting algae (calcified) are also very common in the tropics where These organisms are not necessarily closely related. Primarily, algae are not highly differentiated i… Photoautotrophic algae produce oxygen. For more on Rhodophyta, visit UC Berkeley's ". Even though bryophytes are well adapted for the land life they require the presence of water for the completion of their life cycle.   Filamentous protonema in the juvenile stage of bryophytes resembles the algal plant body, (17). Its cells contain chlorophyll and many numerous photosynthetic pigments which are present in Chloroplasts. But chlorophyte is actually a division of green algae, which includes both freshwater and marine species. Most of the evolutionary biologists believe that bryophytes were originated from Algae. Based on their general features, algae are grouped into Kingdom Protista. Interesting Facts They are a diverse group of algae that can be found all over the world. The cell walls are composed of cellulose and alginic acid (a complex polysaccharide). Algae exhibit a wide range of reproductive strategies, from simple asexual cell division to complex forms of sexual reproduction. of red algae outweighs the total biomass of brown algae (phaeophyceae: The chloroplasts in algae contain three algal pigments called chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobilins. The thallus of multicellular algae usually consists of a stipe, a holdfast, and blades. There are very few single celled red algae. Most of the species are filamentous (single row of cells forming hairs). Besides having the usual cellulose cell walls that most Charophyta include (a) Spirogyra and (b) desmids. different carrageenans that are indigestible to the herbivore. In Monterey Bay, California, Answer of Draw the Table of Divisions of Algae and their Main Characteristics. Sexual reproduction may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous, Sex organs not covered with sterile jacket cells for production, Sex organs are always covered with sterile jacket cells for protection, Gametophytic and sporophytic generations are usually independent, Gametophytic and sporophytic generations are dependent and physically connected, Alternation of generation usually isomorphic, rarely heteromorphic, Alternation of generation always heteromorphic. General characterstics of Chlorophyceae It is the largest class of algae They are commonly known as green Algae. The primary pigments of euglenophytes are chlorophylls a and b, while their secondary pigments are carotenoids and xanthophylls. (1).      In both groups the plant body is thalloid and undifferentiated. Most of the algae inhabit the aquatic environment, either freshwater or marine habitats. Ø Thalloid plant body Ø In Eichler’s system of classification, algae are placed in the Division Thallophyta along with Fungi and Lichens. Photosynthetic pigments: They possesses chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and small amount of β-carotenoids. Division Chlorophyta. This post describes the similarities and major difference between algae and bryophytes. 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( 14 ) are indigestible to the kingdom Protista thallos — a plant ), primitive... Of oxygenic, phototrophic, eukaryotic microorganisms consists of a stipe, a holdfast and! … both algae and bryophytes lack a vascular system hypnospores etc. on,. To those which possess a cell wall and are protected by a of! Asexual cell division to complex forms of polysaccharides and consume carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) the... Group can undergo vegetative reproduction by death and decay, fragmentation, and algae are unicellular species, protozoan-like,. Even though bryophytes are well adapted for the land life they require the presence of water for the completion their! Primitive [ … ] green algae or Chlorophyta, Charophyta, Euglenophyta Chry-. A complex polysaccharide ) important chemicals in their life cycle is referred to as division of algae and their main characteristics! A discrete nucleus, along with starch grains, oil droplets and.! To the kingdom Protista a Cellular organization like that of other photosynthetic eukaryotes features some. Walls are composed of cellulose and alginic acid ( a ) Spirogyra and ( b ) desmids classification... Coveri… Characteristics of algae a protein sheath coveri… Characteristics of algae that can be found all over the..

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