horse tongue problems

However, misuse of tongue ties can easily cut the tongue or cause neural injury. “The majority of tongue issues that I’ve seen had already healed,” says Bruce Connally, DVM, an equine sportsmedicine specialist in Longmont, Colorado. “A horse that has lost very much of the tongue (or it has to be removed after injury) will eat differently, but he generally does OK,” says Connally. These horses often had tongue over the bit problems, and they were often resolved when we taught them to stop and slow in the correct number of footfalls and from a light aid. If the wound is not discovered promptly, debridement may be neces-sary to remove dead tissue at the site. Our review process includes an important veterinarian review, helping to assure the content is consistent with the latest understanding from a medical professional. (During the sham treatment the horses’ tongues were manipula… Hi there. Horses drool or slobber because they have eaten plants with fungi that makes them drool or after ingestion of an irritating substance. Not only do these wear patterns interfere with eating, but they also affect the performance of the horse because of interfering with the bit, causing weight loss and making digestion of feed more difficult. Compendia articles, core healthcare topics and more are written and updated as a group effort. “There is a very thick muscle back there, and if you look into the mouth and see it you might think there is something wrong with the tongue. “We ground that tooth down and he no longer had the irritation and drooling,” says Connally. Older horses often develop this problem with age-related changes involving the shape of the mandible. How seriously a tongue wound affects a horse’s quality of life depends in part on its location. EquiMed® and Horse Health Matters® are registered trademarks of EquiMed, LLC. The pharyngeal problems were always more difficult diagnostically and were most often loosely diagnosed after hearing a horse gurgle and in the absence of a laryngeal problem. To work on this kind of injury we just sedate the horse and insert a full-mouth speculum, and then I have a helper hold the tongue out for me. If lesions form around the coronary band, inflammation within the foot may result in lameness or laminitis. Some horses endure years of neglect, which the RSPCA has identified as being a significant welfare problem across all breeds and types of horses in Australia. This is a common practice to help immobilize a horse’s head while keeping the mouth open. “In all the reading that I’d done, the literature said that tongue lacerations don’t heal very well and that the horses often end up losing that part of the tongue,” she says. If you’re unsure of how well your bit fits your horse, ask your veterinarian or a trainer you trust to assess it. We’ve established that the hyoid is not only connected directly to the tongue, forelimb and poll, but indirectly to the hindquarter. User; Horses . This produces uneven wear on the teeth with extremely sharp shearing edges developing on the cheek teeth. Using relentless pressure to modify a horse’s behaviour is against the principles of ethical training. Bits attach to the bridle and the reins and rest inside the horse’s mouth. • Tongue ties. Holding the tongue to the side may be a good option for brief looks inside a horse’s mouth. A fistula or abnormal passage may develop between the oral and nasal cavities, making it necessary to extract the tooth to cure the infection. Also you can’t bury nylon suture knots or they would act as a foreign body irritation.”, In the case of the stallion with the tongue bitten through by another horse, Nelson was initially dubious about trying sutures. In a recentsurvey, 23% of Australian Standard bred trainers reported problems associated with tongue-ties, including lacerations, bruising and swelling of the tongue, difficulty swallowing, and behaviour indicating stress. Tweet LinkBack: Thread Tools: post #1 of 2 Old 07-30-2011, 10:35 AM Thread Starter. It’s not uncommon for off-the-track Thoroughbreds to loll their tongues---often due to nerve damage that results in partial paralysis. In an even more unusual scenario, one horse might bite off the tongue of another. A horse that is uncomfortable with the bit is generally trying to get the pressure off of his tongue. Accidents happen, but you can take steps to reduce the risk. “A severe injury clear at the back could interfere with swallowing,” Connally says. Peak performance and harmony between horse and rider go hand in hand with regular dental care and attention to any developing problems before they become serious enough to affect the horse's health or compromise its well-being. The skull. If it couldn’t be done at a dead gallop, she wasn’t going to do it. “I’ve only seen a couple of tongue injuries that had to be dealt with; most heal on their own,” says Connally. • Damaged teeth. The horse had shown no obvious signs of the injury. The horse’s tongue is very useful---with the big, long mouth area---to help push the food all the way back for swallowing.”. I’ve pulled several pieces of wire out of tongues,” Connally says. OK, the horse has had a full body, dental, farrier and gear check work up and has come up squeaky clean showing no signs of pain, no signs of stress or anxiety and he is STILL doing 'that thing' with his tongue…now what?Ok, well now we can look at a possible bit change. The problem of a horse putting the tongue over the bit is a big one and it is a difficult habit to break. These devices, which clamp the tongue inside the horse’s mouth, are often used in racehorses. Problem teeth can be broken down into the following nine categories: Like people, horses are likely to suffer dental problems from time to time. The Horse Forum > Keeping and Caring for Horses > Horse Health > Tongue Problems Reply. The best way to do this is to grab your horse’s tongue. I’ve seen newborn calves and foals with swollen tongues after a hard birth, and they can’t nurse until the swelling goes down. Some horses are born with a congenital malocclusion between the upper and lower jaws causing incorrect bite problems. Catch the problem early reduces pain and suffering, and saves money. In one case, an owner was holding a mare’s tongue out of the side of her mouth while a veterinarian was attempting to examine her teeth. In severe (but rare) … The “Spanish Horse” was invented by the Spanish Inquisition in the medieval times to punish those guilty of heresy or witchcraft. “They are discovered when we’re looking into the mouth for some other reason.”. Sow Mouth: Sow mouth is the opposite of parrot mouth with the lower incisors projecting beyond the uppers much like those in a bull dog. The treatment options depend on the cause and severity of the injury. Louse eggs that detach from the horse's coat can hatch and re-introduce the infestation, so it is important to clean and sterilize any tack and equipment that was used on the affected horse. “Tongue lacerations can be varied and interesting, and I’ve enjoyed putting them back together,” she says. What’s the root of the problem? Like people, horses have a variety of problems with their teeth. “Even if the horse doesn’t bite his tongue, if he tries to pull away, there is danger of pulling on the tongue hard enough to paralyze it. If a horse picks up a sharp object, such as a piece of wire, with his hay  or feed, it may cut or become embedded in his tongue. If the horse jumps backward and you continue hanging onto the tongue to hold him, you may pull so hard on the tongue that it won’t work properly anymore. © 2020 by Cruz Bay Publishing, Inc., an Active Interest Media company. “He literally never looked back; he never had any problems and continued eating, drinking and behaving normally.” Today, you’d never guess that he’d ever had an injury. Accidental biting is rare, but occasionally, a horse may catch  his tongue between his teeth with enough force to slice right through it. Abnormal chewing patterns, along with susceptible teeth that may be softer than other teeth, often result in wear problems that tend to be progressive and become worse with time. Dental examinations performed at least once a year---or more frequently in older horses or those who’ve had problems in the past---can identify and correct problems like these before the damage is too severe. Sharp edges known as enamel cusps will naturally develop over time as the horses teeth erupt. A routine exam of the horse's teeth can catch peridontal disease before it leads to painful tooth loss. Under normal conditions a horse will spend 15 – 18 hours a day foraging. A freshly lacerated tongue may require sutures but not necessarily. Posts: 6 • Horses: 0 Tongue Problems. Reply. When we got the wire out, the horse did fine.”, Younger horses, especially foals, are more likely to be “mouthy,” nibbling and chewing on things they shouldn’t eat. Many may be left to heal without treatment. “If he can’t suck, you might have to train him to drink from a bucket so he can dunk his mouth far enough into the liquid to create suction. There was nothing noticeable until the tongue was black and protruding.”. Unless your horse is one of those who habitually hangs out his tongue, you may not even see much more than the occasional glimpses of pink as you bridle him. The surface of the tongue may slough. “Race trainers use tongue ties and various methods to try to keep the tongue in the mouth when horses run,” says Connally. The horse’s tongue is huge and long, nearly filling the oral cavity when the horse’s mouth is closed. When the roots of these teeth are infected, they cause bacterial sinusitis and a purulent, foul-smelling discharge through the nostril occurs. It is at once a sensory organ---with nerves to detect pain, heat, pressure and taste---and a working tool that enables the horse to eat. Then, saliva flushes the surfaces clean. Nelson once cared for a stallion whose tongue was nearly severed. Location: Ontario. This can appear as a result of inflammation, infection, or excessive dryness. The highly mobile forward section works together with the teeth and lips to select and pick up feed or to choose which blades of grass to nip off. 1 Reply 2 Participants Last post: heartprints62 Jul 30, 2011. As for eating, though, most horses do just fine, even with a lot of scar tissue that limits mobility. As long as he’s eating normally, and you have no troubles with him accepting your bit, why think about it? Parrot Mouth: With this deformity, the lower jaw is shorter than the upper jaw, causing the upper incisors to overhang the lower incisors. Another Australian studyinvestigated horses’ responses to 20 minutes of tongue-tie application at rest in comparison to a sham treatment. TODAY the latest research has the traditional laryngeal problems accounting for just 34% of cases of abnormal breathing whilst 66% in some way involve the pharynx. While a tongue wound is healing, you may want to wet down your horse’s hay and feed to make it easier to manage in his mouth, or switch to hay cubes or a softer forage, but many do just fine without special treatment. I've bought an appropriate bit to prevent him putting his tongue over it, but it's causing discomfort and he's pushing the tongue plate to the side of his mouth. You would never suspect that they’d lost it, if you didn’t look. When this occurs, wolf teeth should be extracted. Also, something might be embedded in the gums, tongue, or palate, or the horse might have a dental problem. A horse’s mouth has three major sectors with separate rôle in the feed intake. A COMPLETE REVERSAL! “These horses generally adjust---even with a lot of the tongue missing---and do fine,” says Nelson. “I bought a horse a long time ago at an auction sale---a very nice Quarter Horse mare with papers,” says Tia Nelson, DVM, a veterinarian/farrier from Helena, Montana. Horses generally adapt well, even if a section is severed, because they can compensate and rely more on their lips and teeth to pick up feed. Already know the basics? An attempt to reattach the tongue failed, but the severed edge healed well, and the mare was able to graze and eat normally. If there’s too much play in the joint on the mouthpiece, a horse’s tongue could also get pinched. Check your horse’s gums, tongue, lips, and palate for signs of irritation or lesions. Find out what different tongue colors (white, red, black) mean, and read about symptoms and signs, home remedies and treatments, causes, and diagnosis of tongue problems. However, some may indicate a serious medical condition. Bleeding is the most immediate sign of a recent tongue injury, but you may not see a lot of blood, if any. The tongue is made up of more than a dozen individual muscles, including both extrinsic muscles, which anchor the organ to the jawbone and hyoid  apparatus (bones that also support the larynx and pharynx), and intrinsic muscles, which begin and end entirely within the body of the structure. Sticking the tongue out is an evasion that comes from nerves, so most horses with this problem have other problems, too. The mouth of the horse is developed for effective intake, sorting and chewing of grass. 1 - 2 of 2 Posts. Contact issues are a recurrent problem in the dressage ring, from the grassroots to the top levels, even at the World Cup Finals, World Equestrian Games and Olympics. Other signs of injury may include excessive drooling, dropping hay or feed, or foul-smelling breath. Therefore a restriction, pain or any dysfunction in the hyoid may have a direct impact on the mobility of the forelimb, leading to a possibly shortened or stilted gait. When a sutured tongue doesn’t heal well, a section may need to be removed. When doing any mouth exam, make sure you have one finger hooked in the halter so that either you go with the horse if he pulls back, or you are quick enough to release your hold---to turn him loose and let him go. These sharp cusps will often cause soreness, lacerations and ulcers to the sides of the cheeks and to the tongue. But every now and then someone continues to hang on as that horse is pulling back, and it’s not a good thing!”. Foal. jmcdou02. Most commonly, this occurs in the upper cheek teeth, but can occur anywhere in the horse's mouth. If surgical closure is needed, a veterinarian is likely to opt for absorbable stitches, which dissolve over time and so do not need to be removed. READING THE TONGUE The nuances of reading the tongue are numerous. OTHER PRODUCTS. or sign up with email About this Discussion. The infection works its way into the pulp cavity leading to root abscesses and bone infection. The gamble paid off: “His tongue healed perfectly, even though it was cut full thickness, more than halfway across the tongue,” Nelson says. But she decided to take the risk: “We had nothing to lose, and it might work,” Nelson says. “No one suspected this situation; the horse seemed perfectly normal.” Horses can cope well even if a large portion of the tongue is lost. “No one knows why some horses like to stick out their tongues as they run, but then some people stick their tongue out when threading a needle. A tight tie can easily cut into or completely sever the tongue. But the loss of even a large portion of the more mobile area of the tongue usually isn’t catastrophic. • Bit injuries. Most tongue problems are harmless and resolve on their own. Please see link below: Sores can also be caused by a variety of disease processes, including ingestion of toxins (from plants and other sources) that damage the lining cells. When dental problems with your horse arise, always consult an equine dentist or a veterinarian with special training in equine dentistry. Although many horses with healed tongues may behave normally, in some, bits can continue to irritate or cause pain in scarred and/or deformed tissue. “I thought we could give it a chance and see what happens.”. Jump to Latest Follow 1 - 2 of 2 Posts. “I discovered one old injury---where the tongue had been nearly cut in two and healed---when I was doing a dental exam,” says Connally. EquiMed Staff - 04/19/2017 “We’ve done several, and they all healed nicely. “We often see foxtail abscesses in tongues, and sometimes stickers and sticks jammed into the tongue. “I looked at a horse recently who had a bit scar across 25 percent of the tongue, and the man admitted to me that the horse bucked when he was young and ‘we got a little rough on his mouth.’ But he didn’t know he’d cut the horse’s tongue,” says Connally. “I had a horse brought to me because he was constantly salivating---drooling buckets of fluid when you put a bit in his mouth. Join Date: Jul 2011. The ones that I’ve done have responded nicely to suturing. The Anatomy of the Mouth. Harsh bits are a major source of damage, but a horse may also lacerate his tongue on sharp objects or bite it accidentally. The tongue presses the food up against the roof of the mouth where, aided by the ridges there, it is squeezed over onto the chewing surfaces, ground and passed across the tongue again in a spiral that gradually moves it toward the rear of the oral cavity. Fractures, hooks and other problems in the teeth can create sharp edges that damage the tongue. Does anyone have any ideas of how to cure this problem? When the bone recedes because of the infection, the roots become exposed and the stability of the tooth is lost often leading to the loss of the tooth. The owner had not noticed the injury earlier, and it was too late to try to save the tongue. He’d gotten kicked some time earlier, which pushed one of his lower cheek teeth so that it was leaning inward, and it was poking under his tongue. Checking hay for foreign objects and clearing away debris on the farm, especially around feeders, is always a good idea. Horse’s reaction: The pinching caused by loose hinges at the sides of the mouthpiece is similar to the pinching created between the chin strap and the mouthpiece in Problem #1. “I’ve seen some huge ulcers and holes in tongues caused by sharp, misplaced teeth,” says Connally. These malocclusions may lead to mouth infections, poor chewing patterns and impaired digestion that may compromise growth and development. And much of the time, you may never even notice the damage. If you use tractor tires as feeders, consider either switching to a different type or at least replacing them when the rubber wears off of the belting. Whips and tongue ties . Horses are expert nibblers, quite adept at picking up only the choicest bits while leaving the undesirables behind---as anyone can attest who has ever found a medication or supplement left neatly behind after a horse has cleaned up the rest of his feed. If a horse with an old tongue injury doesn’t respond well or is aggravated by his bit, you may need to try a different type or even switch to some form of a bitless bridle. User Agreement and Privacy Policy. I think this might have happened if someone used a double-twisted wire snaffle on her, cutting the tongue with the bit. Wounds to your horse’s tongue can easily go unnoticed— but that doesn’t mean they can be ignored. Horse Bits 101: How Bits Work and Basic Bit Terminology. Most of the horses I see with it have gone a long time without proper training or getting … Another important function of the horse’s tongue is to keep the teeth clean. © 2012 by April Raine | EquiDesis. “If the wound is older, I try to get down to fresh tissue, which has a better chance to grow back together properly,” Nelson says. If a horse is experiencing pain within his mouth, he may also stand with his head outstretched or his behavior may just seem subtly “off.” He may also resist accepting the bit or even just having his head  approached and handled. “The tongue is crucial for nursing,” says Connally. Most injuries occur in the forward, mobile portion of the tongue. Isolate affected horses as well as those who have been exposed to them. “I was called to work on one horse who had licked the sharp edge of some metal siding and cut the tongue about two-thirds of the way off, and I had to remove the rest,” says Connally. He had a hole about two inches in diameter in the bottom of his tongue.”. The most common malocclusions include the following: Veterinarians often recommend that horses with malocclusions not be used for breeding because most malocclusions have an hereditary basis. You want to use the gentlest bit possible to reduce the risk of injuring your horse. STS Irons Intelligent Ice. Horse allergy symptoms may occur immediately after you’re around a horse or you can have a delayed response because horse dander can linger on your clothing long after you’ve left a stable. This can be transferred to the hindquarter as an inability to engage the hindlimbs. Although many horses with healed tongues may behave normally, in some, bits can continue to irritate or cause pain in scarred and/or deformed tissue. Problems. Breeders should avoid breeding animals that exhibit these inheritable malocclusions. Tongue Problems. It’s important to check under the tongue as well as the roof of the mouth. A month ago I bought a new horse who is wonderful, but one day began chucking his head around, and was quite distracted and disobedient. But if a more thorough examination is needed, or any floating or other work needs to be done, a speculum is a far safer option for holding a horse’s mouth open. As for eating, though, most horses do just fine, even with a lot of scar tissue that limits mobility. Any sudden forceful pressure or severe jerk---for example, if a horse steps on his reins and pulls back---can lacerate the tongue. Be aware, though, that one common source of metal embedded in horses’ tongues may be the feeder itself---many people use old tractor tires as hay feeders, but if the steel belting is exposed, the horses can easily pick up bits of metal. EquiMed does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Later that afternoon I found he had his tongue OVER the bit. It’s also a good idea to avoid riding with a bit until the injury heals. J ... One is closer to God's heart on a horse than anywhere else on earth! Q: What causes the horse to try getting the tongue over the bit? Maybe the horse is concentrating.”. A protruding tongue is also undesirable in many show horses, and although these devices are forbidden in most competitions---with a few exceptions, including saddle seat---some trainers use them while bringing along a young horse. It’s worth getting some professional advice if you’re unsure, so speak to your vet or a qualified saddle fitter to make sure your horse is comfortable … Since the appearance of the device it has been modifie “The part of the tongue that we see is fairly flat, but there is a big lump at the back of the tongue that is used as an aid in swallowing,” says Connally. “It was a bizarre injury, lacerating the tongue very deeply---all the way through,” Nelson says. “By the time I was called to see it, the tongue was black and hanging out of the horse’s mouth. And yet tongue wounds are more common than most people realize. It stays in the normal position but he sicks it out the side of his mouth, which is unacceptable for my dressage trainer. Here’s what you need to know. Dental Care. They may need to be fed with a nasogastric tube until they can nurse.”. Wounds or sores in the corners of the mouth or on the tongue can be caused by a poorly fitting or functioning bit or from trauma from excessive force applied to the bit. “She was an off-the-track Quarter Horse, and all she knew how to do was run. I sedated the horse and took a look into his mouth. This condition is less common than parrot mouth. If detected at an early age the problem can be treated by applying wire tension bands to the upper jaw, thereby slowing its rate of growth. 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